The breeding of hardy fruits has been the leading work of the Department of Horticulture of South Dakota State College ever since the fall of 1895. Many requests have been received for bulletins containing the record of this work. Many of these are out of print and are no longer available. This bulletin contains a complete record of plant introductions from the beginning of the work up to 1927.

From the 1924 list: The Concord Grape first fruited in 1849 and was grown from seed of the wild Fox grape, Vitis labrusca, by E. W. Bull of Concord, Massachusetts.

The vine is marked by permanent tablet. It seems eminently fit­ting that this Mother vine is so honored when we reflect that 75 per cent of all the grapes raised in eastern America come from this famous Con­cord vine and its pure breds and cross-breds. But the Concord grape and its offspring, great as they are, will not help South Dakota and the prairie Northwest since even with careful winter protection they are not sufficiently hardy.

For many years past I have worked on this problem and have grown a lot of seedlings of the wild grape of the Dakotas, but this was very slow work as this wild grape type is not equal to the wild Fox grape of Massachusetts in size in its original condition. So I began crossing the wild grape of the Dakotas with some of the choice tame grapes. The work was a success. I now offer for the first time thirty-two of these seedlings. All are hardy at Brookings without winter protection of any kind. This marks the beginning of a new era in grape culture for the prairie Northwest. These original vines were planted first on land that was too low and wet and had to be moved on to higher land. Otherwise, these grapes would have come out several years ago.

A display of these varieties has been the past three years at the South Dakota State Fair and they have been greatly admired.

Note on Pedigrees: In the following list the pistillate or seed par­ent is named first and the pollen parent second. By S. D. wild is meant the wild grape collected at Fort Pierre, South Dakota. By N. D. wild is meant the wild grape collected at Bismarck, North Dakota. The names of these grapes are all taken from the Sioux Indian language. All these 32 varieties were introduced in 1925.

Arikara Grape. — Pedigree: Lady x N.D. wild. A fine white, sweet, very productive grape with large berries in long bunches. Berries five-eighths inch in diameter; seeds separate easily from the pulp. Exhibited at South Dakota State Fair three years in succession.

Atkan Grape. - Pedigree: Lady x N. D. wild. Sweet, medium size; white with pink tinge. Long bunch.

Azita Grape.-Pedigree: Beta x N. D. wild. Sweet, medium, five­-eighths inch in diameter; flavor rather wild; strong growth, fair crop.

Caddo Grape. - Pedigree: Beta x Agawam. Large, black, sweet grape of good flavor; size nine-sixteenths inch in diameter. Seeds sep­arate easily from the rather firm flesh.

Chonkee Grape.-Pedigree: Lady x N. D. wild. A yellow white grape of good size and quality. Vine, a strong grower and productive.

Chontay Grape. - Pedigree: Massasoit x Beta. Strong grower; fruit very large, bluish purple; very good flavor. Seeds separate read­ily from the flesh.

Edapa Grape. - Pedigree: Merrimac x Beta. Large, black, good quality. Seeds separate easily.

Emana Grape Pedigree: Beta x Agawam. Our largest grape in 1924. Rich, purple, black, fully as large as Concord, borne in close compact clusters, about three-fourths inch in diameter. Flavor good intermediate between the wild flavor of Beta and the high class rich, sweet, aromatic flavor of Agawam.

Eona Grape. - Pedigree: Lady Washington x Beta. A fine white, sweet, very productive grape. Berries about one-half inch in diameter. The ripest berries have a tinge of pink.

Lachala Grape. - Pedigree: Lady x N. D. wild. A white grape of good size and quality; strong grower and very productive.

Luza Grape. - Pedigree: Merrimac x Beta. A fine sweet, meaty, red grape, somewhat larger than Beta.

Mandan Grape.-Pedigree: Wilder x N. D. wild. An early and very heavy bearer, the first of all of these hybrids to bear. Fruit black, one-half inch in diameter; good flavor. Seeds separate very readily from the flesh.

Manota Grape. — Pedigree: Merrimac x Beta. Our largest grape in 1922. Fruit as large as Concord, being three-fourths inch in diam­eter; color, black with bloom. The quality is between the fancy quality of Merrimac, its seed parent, and the sprightly wild flavor of Beta, the pollen parent. Seeds separate easily from the pulp. This will probably be very popular. The flavor is really very good.

Napka Grape. - Pedigree: Salem x Beta. A strong grower and very heavy bearer; fruit black, small about Beta size; good flavor; bunches compact.

Nompah Grape. - Pedigree: Lindley x S. D. wild. A large, black grape; good flavor; size eleven-sixteenths inch in diameter.

Oglala Grape. - Pedigree: Merrimac x Beta. Vine productive, fruit large, five-eighths inch in diameter. Fruit black, of good flavor; seeds separate very readily from the flesh.

Onaka Grape. - Pedigree: Beta x Salem. A fine productive, large, sweet, white grape, turning to pink as it ripens. Berry about nine-sixteenth inch in diameter. Seeds separate easily.

Osbu Grape. - Pedigree: Beta x Agawam. Fruit black, a trifle larger than Beta and of Agawam flavor.

Pontigo Grape. - Pedigree: Lady x N. D. wild. Fruit very large, five-eighths inch in diameter; color, white turning to light red with white bloom; seeds separate readily from the sweet flesh.

Ree Grape.-Lady x N. D. wild. A very heavy bearer; fruit of large size, three-fourths inch in diameter; green with white bloom. Seeds come out easily. Season late.

Santee Grape.-Pedigree: Merrimac x Beta: Vine a very heavy bearer of large black grapes borne in large bunches. The largest of all the seedlings in 1922, the berry being three-fourths inch in diameter, nearly Concord size. The fruit is meaty, rather sour but of good clear flavor; seeds separate easily from the pulp.

Shakoka Grape. - Pedigree: Lady x N. D. wild. Fruit very large, round, nearly black, nearly Concord size. Good quality. Seeds separate readily from the pulp. Vine, a very strong grower and very heavy bearer.

Siposka Grape. - Pedigree: Lady x N. D. wild. Large, black grape; five-eighths inch in diameter.

Sonona Grape —Pedigree: Lady x N. D. wild. A very heavy bearer of large white grapes with light pink tinge turning to light red with white bloom as they ripen. Berries five-eighths inch in diameter; seeds separate readily from the pulp,. Flavor, sweet with a trace of the wild grape, but sweet and good when ripe.

Tahama Grape. - Pedigree: Lady x N. D. wild. Fruit, large, black, sweet. Seeds part readily. Vine, a strong grower and heavy bearer. Berries nine-sixteenths inch in diameter.

Teopa Grape. - Pedigree: Lindley x S. D. wild. A fancy sweet, good grape; golden green with white bloom; eleven-sixteenths inch in diameter.

Toscha Grape. - Pedigree: Lady x N. D. wild. Fruit large, white, five-eighths inch in diameter. Flesh sweet, somewhat firm and meaty. Bunch compact; seeds separate easily.

Wachepa Grape. - Pedigree: Lady Washington x Beta. A large creamy white grape, good flavor; seeds separate easily.

Wakpala Grape. - Pedigree: Merrimac x Beta. Fruit very large, black, good flavor. Bunch long.

Wecota Grape.-Pedigree: Lady Washington x Beta. Sweet, meaty, yellow with bloom. Bunch small, compact; berry about nine-sixteenths inch in diameter.

Wetonka Grape. - Beta x Salem. Large, black grape; strong grower, heavy cropper. Fruit five-eighths inch in diameter, flavor rather wild; seeds separate easily from flesh.

Yasota Grape. - Pedigree: Merrimac x Beta. Fruit large, black, eleven-sixteenths inch in diameter; flavor wild; compact bunch.